largest ocean in the world

[83] An estimated 80,000 metric tons of plastic inhabit the patch, totaling 1.8 trillion pieces. [55], The coral reefs of the South Pacific are low-lying structures that have built up on basaltic lava flows under the ocean's surface. An ocean is the largest body of water of all. [27], The 18th century marked the beginning of major exploration by the Russians in Alaska and the Aleutian Islands, such as the First Kamchatka expedition and the Great Northern Expedition, led by the Danish Russian navy officer Vitus Bering. Largest Ocean In The World, Gigas Clam (Tridacna gigas) or Giant Clam is the largest clam of its genus and the largest bivalve of all. The Pacific Ocean contains several long seamount chains, formed by hotspot volcanism. The lowest counts of less than 32 parts per thousand are found in the far north as less evaporation of seawater takes place in these frigid areas. Image from: Britannica. [39][40], Along the Pacific Ocean's irregular western margins lie many seas, the largest of which are the Celebes Sea, Coral Sea, East China Sea (East Sea), Philippine Sea, Sea of Japan, South China Sea (South Sea), Sulu Sea, Tasman Sea, and Yellow Sea (West Sea of Korea). [17] Although Magellan himself died in the Philippines in 1521, Spanish navigator Juan Sebastián Elcano led the remains of the expedition back to Spain across the Indian Ocean and round the Cape of Good Hope, completing the first world circumnavigation in 1522. LET March 2020 Postponed? ", Dirlik, Arif. It covers about 1/3 of the Earth’s total surface, which makes it larger than all of the land on Earth combined. [86], Marine debris, also known as marine litter, is human-created waste that has ended up floating in a lake, sea, ocean, or waterway. The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest ocean... 3. Since it first set sail in 2002, The World has visited over 800 ports in approximately 140 countries. Water contains higher than 68 percent of the Earth’s facade and contributes essential supplies to all bodies. Some of these islands are structurally associated with nearby continents. [28] One of the earliest voyages of scientific exploration was organized by Spain in the Malaspina Expedition of 1789–1794. The second largest ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, has an area of 31.8 million square miles, or 82.4 million square kilometers, roughly half of the size of the Pacific. Its average depth is 4,280 m (14,040 ft; 2,340 fathoms), putting the total water volume at roughly 710,000,000 km3 (170,000,000 cu mi). In shallow waters of the continental shelves off the coasts of Australia and New Zealand, petroleum and natural gas are extracted, and pearls are harvested along the coasts of Australia, Japan, Papua New Guinea, Nicaragua, Panama, and the Philippines, although in sharply declining volume in some cases. Ocean, The Mediterranean is the largest, though. [85] The rivers then empty into the ocean, often also bringing chemicals used as fertilizers in agriculture. [16] Magellan stopped at one uninhabited Pacific island before stopping at Guam in March 1521. Manny Pacquiao ‘Wowowin’ Guesting, Preparation for 2022 Elections? The largest ocean in the World is the Pacific Ocean. [71], The ocean was first mapped by Abraham Ortelius; he called it Maris Pacifici following Ferdinand Magellan's description of it as "a pacific sea" during his circumnavigation from 1519 to 1522. For most of Magellan's voyage from the Strait of Magellan to the Philippines, the explorer indeed found the ocean peaceful; however, the Pacific is not always peaceful. Spanish expeditions also discovered Tuvalu, the Marquesas, the Cook Islands, the Solomon Islands, and the Admiralty Islands in the South Pacific. Coco Martin, Julia Montes To Admit Relationship After Yassi’s FPJAP Stint? About 3000 BC, the Austronesian peoples on the island of Taiwan mastered the art of long-distance canoe travel and spread themselves and their languages south to the Philippines, Indonesia, and maritime Southeast Asia; west towards Madagascar; southeast towards New Guinea and Melanesia (intermarrying with native Papuans); and east to the islands of Micronesia, Oceania and Polynesia.[11]. The top 10 seas in the world by area extend around the world, with most touching the Pacific. [54], Islands in the Pacific Ocean are of four basic types: continental islands, high islands, coral reefs and uplifted coral platforms. [44] Tsunamis, caused by underwater earthquakes, have devastated many islands and in some cases destroyed entire towns. The water near the equator, which can have a salinity as low as 34 parts per thousand, is less salty than that found in the mid-latitudes because of abundant equatorial precipitation throughout the year. Located between the Southern Ocean, Asia, Australia, and the landmasses of the Western Hemisphere, the Pacific Ocean … To the north, the Bering Strait connects the Pacific with the Arctic Ocean. From 1404 to 1433 Zheng He led expeditions into the Indian Ocean. The Pacific Ocean is the only ocean which is mostly bounded by subduction zones. ", Samson, Jane. Among these are Bougainville, Hawaii, and the Solomon Islands. It may be further subdivided by the equator into northern (North Pacific) and southern (South Pacific) portions. [65], In the tropical and subtropical Pacific, the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) affects weather conditions. [69] A climatological low in the Gulf of Alaska keeps the southern coast wet and mild during the winter months. ", Routledge, David. Covering approximately 63 million square miles and containing more than half of the free water on Earth, the Pacific is by far the largest ocean in the world. For example, catches in the rich fishing grounds of the Okhotsk Sea off the Russian coast have been reduced by at least half since the 1990s as a result of overfishing. What Is the Biggest Ship in the World? Tropical cyclones also form in the South Pacific basin, where they occasionally impact island nations. One of the most dramatic is the Great Barrier Reef off northeastern Australia with chains of reef patches. “The Asia-Pacific Idea: Reality and Representation in the Invention of a Regional Structure,”, Dixon, Chris, and David Drakakis-Smith. Having in mind the amount of oil shipped, Strait of Malacca route is probably among the most importantroutes in the world connecting ports of Pacific Ocean, which also the largest ocean in the world and the Indian Ocean. "Pacific history as seen from the Pacific Islands. [51] The Ring of Fire is named after the several hundred active volcanoes that sit above the various subduction zones. Outside the andesite line, volcanism is of the explosive type, and the Pacific Ring of Fire is the world's foremost belt of explosive volcanism. "The Pacific Age in World History,", "Recent Literature in Discovery History. In the arctic, icing from October to May can present a hazard for shipping while persistent fog occurs from June to December. The eastern side of the ocean was discovered by Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa in 1513 after his expedition crossed the Isthmus of Panama and reached a new ocean. [23] For the remainder of the 16th century, Spanish influence was paramount, with ships sailing from Mexico and Peru across the Pacific Ocean to the Philippines via Guam, and establishing the Spanish East Indies. To determine the phase of ENSO, the most recent three-month sea surface temperature average for the area approximately 3,000 km (1,900 mi) to the southeast of Hawaii is computed, and if the region is more than 0.5 °C (0.9 °F) above or below normal for that period, then an El Niño or La Niña is considered in progress.[66]. Dutch explorers, sailing around southern Africa, also engaged in discovery and trade; Willem Janszoon, made the first completely documented European landing in Australia (1606), in Cape York Peninsula,[25] and Abel Janszoon Tasman circumnavigated and landed on parts of the Australian continental coast and discovered Tasmania and New Zealand in 1642. The Manila galleons operated for two and a half centuries, linking Manila and Acapulco, in one of the longest trade routes in history. The exploitation of the Pacific's mineral wealth is hampered by the ocean's great depths. Here basaltic lavas gently flow out of rifts to build huge dome-shaped volcanic mountains whose eroded summits form island arcs, chains, and clusters. [33] After navy visits to Easter Island in 1875 and 1887, Chilean navy officer Policarpo Toro negotiated the incorporation of the island into Chile with native Rapanui in 1888. The main culprits are those using the rivers for disposing of their waste. [51][52], Melanesia, to the southwest, includes New Guinea, the world's second largest island after Greenland and by far the largest of the Pacific islands. The biggest shipping company in the world is A.P. Magellan called the ocean Pacífico (or "Pacific" meaning, "peaceful") because, after sailing through the stormy seas off Cape Horn, the expedition found calm waters. [76] The oldest Pacific Ocean floor is only around 180 Ma old, with older crust subducted by now.[77]. [38] The lowest known point on Earth—the Mariana Trench—lies 10,911 m (35,797 ft; 5,966 fathoms) below sea level. They were part of a Spanish expedition to the Spice Islands that would eventually result in the first world circumnavigation. The Japanese-ruled Northern Mariana Islands came under the control of the United States. "Pacific/Oceanic History" in, Stillman, Amy Ku‘uleialoha. The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's oceanic divisions. The Pacific Ocean is the world's largest ocean. It has a length of approximately 5,410 km and a 2,990,000 km drainage area with a discharge of around 12,800 m per second. The western Pacific has many major marginal seas, including the South China Sea, the East China Sea, the Sea of Japan, the Sea of Okhotsk, the Philippine Sea, the Coral Sea, and the Tasman Sea. Though the peoples of Asia and Oceania have traveled the Pacific Ocean since prehistoric times, the eastern Pacific was first sighted by Europeans in the early 16th century when Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa crossed the Isthmus of Panama in 1513 and discovered the great "Southern Sea" which he named Mar del Sur (in Spanish). He called it Mar Pacífico, which in both Portuguese and Spanish means "peaceful sea". [64], The climate patterns of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres generally mirror each other. "North Pacific", "Pacific", and "Pacific region" redirect here. November is the only month in which all the tropical cyclone basins are active. In the list of Top 10 Largest Oceans In The World, the Indian Ocean is at no 3. The Pacific Ocean is located between the Southern Ocean, Asia, and Australia in the Western Hemisphere. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. The 'Ring of Fire' is defined by a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, island arcs, and volcanic mountain ranges and/or boundaries of several plates. Indonesia lies between the Pacific and Indian oceans and is the world’s third-biggest producer of wild-capture fish after China and Peru. Here is where large ships are able to traverse to and fro. Within the closed loop of the andesite line are most of the deep troughs, submerged volcanic mountains, and oceanic volcanic islands that characterize the Pacific basin. The Pacific Ocean accounts for about 50% of Earth’s volume of water. ", Korhonen, Pekka. By contrast, the Atlantic Ocean is increasing in size. Covering approximately one-fifth of the total ocean area of the world. By occupying Easter Island, Chile joined the imperial nations. LARGEST OCEAN IN THE WORLD – In this topic, we are going to know and identify the largest ocean in the world. Learn how your comment data is processed. Indian ocean is world's only closed ocean due to it being land locked to its north by the continent of Asia. 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The Pacific Ocean is by far the world's largest ocean at 60,060,700 square miles (155,557,000 sq km). Although its coastal areas are somewhat shallow the deepest point in the center is alm… The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of the world ocean basins. which means “peaceful sea”. [78], Fish are an important economic asset in the Pacific. (image courtesy of COMET® program) The largest ocean in the world is the Pacific Ocean, comprising larger than one-third of the surface and approximately half of Earth. It is one of the Siberian Rivers that flows into the Arctic Ocean. [26], In the 16th and 17th centuries, Spain considered the Pacific Ocean a mare clausum—a sea closed to other naval powers. Pacific, the largest and the deepest of... 2. The ocean was first sighted by Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa crossed the Isthmus of Panama in 1513 and discovered the great “southern sea” which he named Mar del Sur, which is at the eastern portion of the Pacific. [48][49][50] The islands entirely within the Pacific Ocean can be divided into three main groups known as Micronesia, Melanesia and Polynesia. Moller-Maersk Group that is a Danish business and has the world’s largest container. [73] The andesite line follows the western edge of the islands off California and passes south of the Aleutian arc, along the eastern edge of the Kamchatka Peninsula, the Kuril Islands, Japan, the Mariana Islands, the Solomon Islands, and New Zealand's North Island.[74][75]. Largest Ocean. As the only known entrance from the Atlantic, the Strait of Magellan was at times patrolled by fleets sent to prevent entrance of non-Spanish ships. Although the United States gained control of Guam and the Philippines from Spain in 1898,[35] Japan controlled most of the western Pacific by 1914 and occupied many other islands during the Pacific War; however, by the end of that war, Japan was defeated and the U.S. Pacific Fleet was the virtual master of the ocean. 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For the region in Colombia, see, Gerlach: Marine Pollution, Springer, Berlin (1975), List of ports and harbors of the Pacific Ocean, "Deepest Submarine Dive in History, Five Deeps Expedition Conquers Challenger Deep", "CONFIRMED: Horizon Deep Second Deepest Point on the Planet", "Catholic Encyclopedia : Ferdinand Magellan", https://www.livescience.com/29533-the-worlds-biggest-oceans-and-seas.html, "Library Acquires Copy of 1507 Waldseemüller World Map – News Releases (Library of Congress)", https://www.guampedia.com/ferdinand-magellan/, "Charles Darwin's Travels on the HMS Beagle", "A Physical, Historical, Political, & Descriptive Geography", "This ocean has most of the islands in the world", National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council, "PWLF.org – The Pacific WildLife Foundation – The Pacific Ocean", "Wind Driven Surface Currents: Equatorial Currents Background", "ENSO: Recent Evolution, Current Status and Predictions", Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory – Hurricane Research Division, "Frequently Asked Questions: When is hurricane season?
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